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Depth Guage and contents guages or "console"
Normally 2 or 3 functions are combined in a console, this is attached
to the first stage of your regulator and provides vital information
from the following. 
- Depth
Guage
- Tank
contents (pressure guage)
- Compass
Stab Jacket
Dual function, it is normally what you would attach your tank to,
and also provides bouyancy, it allows you to keep your "altitude"
in the water for any given depth by inflating or deflating.They
come in many different designs and styles.
 Knife
Essential item, but not a fashion or macho statement! normally carried
in case of having to cut any lines etc.
Mask
Allows you to see!
Our eyes cannot focus well underwater so the mask gives us an airspace
to allow our eyes to focus.
Fins
Your propulsion units, as our feet are really inefficient especially
when  wearing
all that other equipment, these allow us some semblence of
movement
in the water.
Weightbelt and weights
Normally a belt with lead, shaped weights attached. We are naturally
bouyant and when wearing a wetsuit or drysuit to provide warmth,
much
more so than normal. So weight is necessary to make us neutrally
bouyant (i.e. it allows us to sink when we want to!)
Gear Bag
Somewhere to put all this shiny new kit, it takes up a lot of room.
This covers most of the essentials, but there
is a myriad of other equipment, some considered necessary, others
not. Also equipment requirements vary with each dive.
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insulation
underneath. 
